Gene regulation

Science

Definition

The processes by which cells control when, where, and how much of a gene's product (usually protein) is made. Gene regulation allows cells with identical DNA to have different functions and respond to environmental changes.

Examples

  • The lac operon in E. coli turning on only when lactose is present
  • Stem cells differentiating into muscle or nerve cells by activating different genes
  • Hormones like estrogen activating specific gene transcription

Related Terms

Transcription Transcription and translation Dna structure Signal transduction

Study This Concept

Practice gene regulation with free review games in these units:

AP Biology Unit 6: Gene Expression and Regulation