Neutralization reactions

Science

Definition

A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. The H⁺ ions from the acid combine with OH⁻ ions from the base to form water, while the remaining ions form the ionic salt.

Examples

  • HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O (hydrochloric acid neutralized by sodium hydroxide)
  • Antacid tablets (calcium carbonate) neutralizing excess stomach acid
  • Treating acid rain-damaged lakes by adding lime (calcium hydroxide)
Key Fact

Acid + Base → Salt + Water.

Related Terms

Acid-base theory Ph scale Net ionic equations Titrations

Study This Concept

Practice neutralization reactions with free review games in these units:

Chemistry Unit 8: Acids Bases and pH