Nuclear energy

Science

Definition

Nuclear energy is the energy released from the nucleus of an atom through fission (splitting heavy nuclei) or fusion (combining light nuclei). Nuclear power plants use controlled fission of uranium-235 to generate electricity. It produces no direct greenhouse gas emissions but creates radioactive waste.

Examples

  • Nuclear power plants splitting uranium-235 to heat water and drive turbines
  • The Sun generating energy by fusing hydrogen into helium
  • Nuclear submarines powered by onboard fission reactors
Key Fact

E = mc² — a small amount of mass converts to an enormous amount of energy.

Related Terms

Fission and fusion Radioactive decay Nuclear physics Fossil fuels

Study This Concept

Practice nuclear energy with free review games in these units:

AP Environmental Science Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption