Public policy

Definition

Public policy is a course of action taken by government to address a public problem or achieve a societal goal. It includes laws, regulations, executive orders, and government programs at the federal, state, and local levels.

How It Works

  1. A problem is identified and placed on the government's agenda through public pressure or events.
  2. Policy proposals are formulated by legislators, executive agencies, or interest groups.
  3. The policy is adopted through legislation, executive order, or court ruling.
  4. Government agencies implement the policy through regulations and programs.
  5. The policy's effectiveness is evaluated and may be revised or terminated.

Examples

  • The Affordable Care Act (2010) addressed the problem of uninsured Americans through health insurance mandates
  • The Clean Air Act regulates air pollution through EPA-enforced emission standards
  • No Child Left Behind set federal education standards and testing requirements for public schools

Related Terms

Lawmaking process Regulation Government spending Fiscal and monetary policy

Study This Concept

Practice public policy with free review games in these units:

U.S. Government Unit 8: State and Local Government