Scientific method

Science

Definition

The scientific method is a systematic approach to investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, and testing hypotheses. It involves making observations, forming hypotheses, conducting controlled experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.

How It Works

  1. Make an observation and ask a question about a natural phenomenon.
  2. Research existing information and form a testable hypothesis.
  3. Design and conduct a controlled experiment with independent, dependent, and controlled variables.
  4. Collect and analyze data from the experiment.
  5. Draw conclusions about whether the data supports or refutes the hypothesis.
  6. Communicate results and allow others to replicate the experiment.

Examples

  • Testing whether fertilizer affects plant growth by comparing treated and untreated groups
  • Alexander Fleming observing mold killing bacteria, leading to penicillin discovery
  • Controlled clinical trials testing new medicines with placebo groups

Related Terms

Characteristics of life

Study This Concept

Practice scientific method with free review games in these units:

Biology Unit 1: Introduction to Biology