Cell membrane

Science

Definition

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier made of a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds every cell. It controls what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis through selective permeability.

Examples

  • The cell membrane allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass through freely by diffusion
  • Receptor proteins on the membrane surface let hormones like insulin communicate with the cell
  • White blood cells use their membranes to engulf bacteria through phagocytosis
Key Fact

The fluid mosaic model describes the membrane as a dynamic structure of phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.

Study This Concept

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