Ocean currents

Science

Definition

Ocean currents are continuous, directed movements of seawater driven by wind, Earth's rotation (Coriolis effect), differences in water density (thermohaline circulation), and the shape of ocean basins. Surface currents distribute heat globally, while deep currents drive the ocean conveyor belt.

Examples

  • The Gulf Stream carrying warm water from the Gulf of Mexico to northwestern Europe
  • The California Current bringing cold water southward along the U.S. West Coast
  • Thermohaline circulation sinking cold, salty water in the North Atlantic

Related Terms

Climate zones Water cycle Tides Weather patterns

Study This Concept

Practice ocean currents with free review games in these units:

Earth Science Unit 5: Oceans and Water