Enlightenment thinkers

Definition

The philosophers and writers of the 17th-18th centuries who championed reason, liberty, and reform. Their ideas about government by consent, natural rights, and separation of powers became the intellectual foundation for modern democratic governments.

Examples

  • John Locke arguing that government must protect life, liberty, and property
  • Montesquieu proposing separation of powers into legislative, executive, and judicial branches
  • Rousseau's social contract theory stating that government derives authority from the people

Related Terms

Enlightenment American revolution French revolution Constitutional principles

Study This Concept

Practice Enlightenment thinkers with free review games in these units:

U.S. Government Unit 1: Foundations of Government